A gambling addiction can cause damage to personal relationships, work or school performance and self-esteem. It can also result in serious debt and even homelessness. But despite the negative consequences, many people continue to gamble and are unaware they have a problem.

Gambling occurs when someone stakes something of value (money, property, etc) on a random event with the hope of winning something else of value. This can include scratchcards, video games, lottery tickets and betting with friends. However, it does not include bona fide business transactions, such as the purchase of goods or services at a future date, contracts of indemnity or guaranty and life, health or accident insurance.

Research has found that gambling activates the brain’s reward system in much the same way alcohol and some drugs do. And like alcohol and drugs, it can cause a person to lose control and become addicted.

Problem gambling affects people of all races, religions and economic backgrounds. It can start in adolescence, adulthood or old age and can affect women as well as men. It can happen in small towns or large cities and in every income bracket.

Many individuals develop a problem with gambling as a way to relieve boredom, loneliness or other unpleasant feelings, such as anxiety, grief or depression. They may feel they have to be secretive about their gambling and lie to others because it is not viewed as an acceptable activity. In addition, they may be influenced by the media to think of gambling as glamorous and exciting.

There are a variety of treatments and support services for problem gamblers. Treatment options include cognitive behavioral therapy, psychodynamic therapy and group therapy. Some people with gambling disorders benefit from medication. Some people find that practicing relaxation exercises helps to manage their symptoms. There are also family and marriage, career and credit counseling services to help individuals address issues that have been created by their gambling.

The underlying causes of gambling disorder can range from psychological to biological. Individuals who are genetically predisposed to thrill-seeking behaviour and impulsivity may be at risk of developing a gambling disorder. Other factors that can increase a person’s risk of gambling problems include traumatic events, social inequalities and financial stress.

Gambling disorder can be hard to diagnose and treat. Some individuals are too embarrassed or ashamed to seek help. Many don’t realize they have a problem, while others are convinced that their problem is merely a matter of poor luck or bad timing. It is important for family members and friends to be supportive of those who are struggling with gambling disorders. In some cases, they may be the ones who encourage a loved one to get help.